In order to promote the development of scientific research and education, the instruments and equipment used for scientific research and teaching are calledscientific and educational instruments. The instrument refers to the instrument or device used in science and technology for experiment, measurement, observation, inspection, drawing, etc.

Overview

A set of devices or machines usually prepared for a specific purpose. A device or apparatus generally dedicated to one purpose. The structure is more complex, belonging to high-tech products, composed of multiple components; teaching equipment is relatively simple, in the hands-on operation, maintenance, update the use of more humane. Instrument volume, weight, shape, there are various, the smaller can be directly held in the hand to operate, the larger volume of the instrument is generally referred to as a device or equipment.

Introduction

Scientific and educational instruments can improve, expand or supplement human functions. People use sensory organs to see, hear, taste, touch external things, and microscopes, telescopes, sound level meters, pH meters, pyrometers and other instruments can improve and expand these functions. Measuring instruments such as magnetometer, ray counter and other physical quantities that can be felt. There are also instruments that can exceed the ability of people to record, calculate and count, such as high-speed cameras, computers, etc.

Classification

scientific and educational instrumentsIt is a comprehensive product of a variety of science and technology, with a wide variety of varieties, widely used, and constantly updated, with a variety of classification methods. According to the purpose and purpose of use, there are mainly measuring instruments used in scientific research and teaching in various industries: radio testing instruments, seismic testing instruments, earth surveying and mapping instruments, hydrological instruments, timing instruments, agricultural testing instruments, commercial testing instruments, teaching instruments, medical instruments, environmental protection instruments, etc.

Instruments and meters belonging to mechanical industrial products include industrial automation instruments, electrical instruments and meters, optical instruments, analytical instruments, laboratory instruments and devices, material testing machines, meteorological and marine instruments, film machinery, photographic machinery, photocopying micromachines, instrument components, instrument materials, instrument process equipment and other 13 categories. They are more versatile, larger batches, or the basis necessary for the instrumentation industry.

All kinds of instruments according to different characteristics, such as function, detection and control object, structure, principle and so on are divided into several small categories or subcategories. Industrial automation instruments are divided into testing instruments, display instruments, regulating instruments and actuators according to their functions. Among them, the testing instruments are divided into temperature measuring instruments, pressure measuring instruments, flow measuring instruments, level measuring instruments and mechanical measuring instruments according to the measured physical quantity. Temperature measuring instruments and mechanical measuring instruments, etc.

The temperature measuring instrument is divided into contact temperature measuring instrument and non-contact temperature measuring instrument according to the measurement method. Contact temperature measuring instrument is divided into thermoelectric type, expansion type, electric cathode type, etc. The classification of other types of instruments is generally similar, mainly related to the development process, usage habits and the classification of related products. There is no uniform standard for instrumentation in the area of steel refining, and a similar situation exists in the naming of instrumentation.